Tights ABC for Chemistry December 2019
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Chemistry is science about chemical reactions. It is based on physical law, according to which, material never vanishes. In chemical reaction, all elements that goes in, must also come out.

Chemistry is always based on
CxHx + O2 ==> H2O + CO2 + CO
like components, reaction and results.

All the other things have supportive role. In typical or traditional chemical education, it is not usually very difficult to miss the key thing and base for chemistry.

In typical creation of chemical formula, you know the sources and have hint from results. With hints and known compounds, you puzzle out the results from known sources. Sometimes, when you resolve natural reactions,  part from sources are unknown.

When you build chemical reactions, you have a set of elements & compounds. Then you check, how these elements react to various temperatures, pressures and electric charges. Sometimes you search system for known or intended results.

In typical industrial chemistry you search improvements to qualities of an existing products. When you for example add carbon to iron, carbon improves corrosion resistance. Then it changes bending capabilities and strength.

Chemistry vs. Nuclear Physics

Albert Einstein and his nuke boys have given a bad name for nuclear physics. In their ruling terminology nuclear physics is limited nuclear fire and it's scant-smoke system. Boys and their leader's nuclear reaction doesn't belong nuclear physics. Nuclear physics concentrates on natural reactions, which takes place in our nature. Nuclear physics resolves chemical reactions, takes advantage of them and so on. Due to Einstein's twist, there is quite a lot of researched data from nuclear physics, which are said to belong to some sub class of nuclear physics. Or then they are presented without classification.

When nuclear physics plays with natural things and reaction, chemistry concentrates on man made chemical compounds. These compounds are used as raw materials for enhancing natural raw materials.

Three chemical reactions

When the reaction is made with heat-cold or fire-freezing we talk about physical chemical reaction. These reactions are handled both in physics and chemistry. Temperature-pressure-dimension changes belong to physics, the reaction-formula system chemistry. Combusted fire is obviously the most common physical chemical reaction.

In electro chemical reaction, changes in electric current and qualities belong physics and electrics. Electro-chemical batteries and their charging system belong this category.

Pure chemical reaction misses significant physical changes. Food, make-up, medicine and paper making are traditional chemical processes. Physical aspect is on it's way to food and paper making. Ideas from healthy food and cast wood paper come from new physical aspect.

Qualities

Research of atoms and compounds qualities belong to chemistry and nuclear physics.

Bohr's table has basic data for elements. Then there is bigger and wider database. It is from elements and all known chemical compounds. The wider database has colors, smells, lethalness, etc. There is also an enormous database from all known chemical reactions.

These chemical tables are accompanied with general material tables. Material tables are made for people, who designs things. They have electric and heat conductivities, strength, heat extension, and so on.

Material tables are made by testing and measuring bigger blocks from some material. Solid, liquid or gas. Most common elements have entries in material tables. Material tables come from engineering institutes.

Three forms of materials

All elements and compounds have three forms, solid, liquid and gas. Given melting and gas point temperatures are for longer stay in the given temperature. In cooling and heating transformation begins and ends before and after the point. 

The physical difference in between forms is string length / molecule size ( ground oil / fuels ).
- In solid form atoms and compounds are packed so close to each other, that they cannot move. Strings and molecules are big or long.
- In liquid form atoms can roll and material can move, much like car.
- In gas form atoms and compounds are independent from each other. Strings are very short. 

In gas form atoms keeps-and-takes their place with surrounding atoms. This atom mesh can be opened and closed rather freely : You can walk in gas, without much resistance. When speed-pressure system grows, the opening needs more power. Air-or-gas resistance grows.

The loose system makes it possible to atoms either move or stay in place when atom mesh is manipulated. By opening or closing,  pressure or under pressure, heating or cooling, etc.

Density

Density of the material misses one-to-one connection to current form ( water ).

Gases are usually lightest. Order of solid and liquid form densities varies. 

Ice weighs 10% less than water, ice cube floats over the water. When so, ice's volume should be bigger than water's volume. But it isn't. When water freezes it shrinks. Just like all the other materials.

This phenomena has no sense in our current physics and chemistry. When an atom has a weigh, the falling density should always result into bigger volume. When water freezes and shrinks, the number of atoms per dm³ grows.

The phenomena gets an explanation from gravitation and variable atom weighs. The atom weigh comes from gravitational flow and drag. The force goes up from bottom and comes down from top.

The system can detach volume from mass. The overlying push force changes, every time you make changes to atom mesh and cell size. Temperature change always changes the volume and atom mesh.

When mesh resists outgoing flow, the passing flow weakens, and the overlying push force falls. Solid object's longer strings increases the high pressure areas inside the object. The string-pressure resists outgoing gravitational drag pressure, without creation of overlying push forces. When so, it is possible to increase number of atoms and reduce weight at the same time.

Have a hunch, that all solid forms would float in their liquid. Just like widely researched water. With matching atom counts, energy contents should go from solid to gas, idea from order comes from required temperature-pressure system.

Water

Water is an exception to the three form system. Water has four common basic forms : ice, snow, water, vapor. You can never convert ice directly to snow and vice versa. You must liquidize first.

Recent air humidity estimations have changed the idea of snow and ice. There aren't any vapors in the air, only small water drops. Cold and low density obviously prevents conversion from humidity to water drop like ice drops. Snow flake's weight is marginal.

You can obviously create snow, by spraying water vapors into air. So that they freezes and takes snow form, before they fall and collect to the ground.

Not familiar with snow canons, skiing centers uses for creating snow.

Magnetism

 Magnetism converts solid metals to liquid like rolling-and-moving system. In magnetism you reorganize atoms rotations so, that they create directional wheel system to solid metals.

- Although you can create magnets with electricity, magnetism is independent from electricity.
- Permanent magnet is free from electric charges.

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Circle of Life - Natural reactions

Circle of life is the most important set of chemical reactions in our world. It is the system, which supports all life on earth. Circle misses knowledge about the way plants and humans converts CxHx compounds into body parts.

Circle of life begins from eruption or continental split. During eruptions and continental splits Earth's core leaks water H₂O and carbon dioxides CO₂ into out atmosphere.
After these gases are released, sub beams and heat start to demolish and recharge these compounds. These gases converts into methane CH₄ and ethylene. C₂H₄. 

Methane process is singular process, process for ethylene is chain reaction. Chain reaction means, that after one molecule pair converts into ethylene and oxygen, the reaction spreads into neighboring molecules. Process ends after all molecule pairs are converted.

Natural gases and gas fields are typically methane gas fields. Methane-process is typical natural rotting reaction. Plants seem to use ethylene process, the collect CO₂ from the air and ignites the chain reaction with sunbeams.

Darkness begins after this conversion. It is not known how plants converts methane and ethylene into solid body parts. Neither it is known, how plants grab CxHx compound's from soil. 
Darkness continues in growing kids and broken body parts. It is not clear how animal-human body builds itself.

Light comes with continuous energy production. Body burns CxHx compounds with oxygen.

Reactions

Methane creation : CO₂ + 2 x H₂O --> CH₄ + O₂ + 2O
Methanol creation :   CO₂ + 2 x H₂O ===> CH₃OH.
Ethylene / Ethane chain creation :  2 CO₂ + 2 x H₂O===> C₂H₄ + 3 O₂

Methane fire : CH₄ + 2 x O2 ===> 2 H₂O + CO₂
Methanol fire : 2 x CH₃OH + 3 x O2 ===> 4 H₂O + 2 CO₂

Ethylene fire : C₂H₄ + O2 ===> 2 x H₂O + 2 * CO₂

- In chain reaction, the resulting compound-components extracts source components. The reaction prepares source components for the next reaction. Due to this, after you ignite chain reaction it doesn't end. Chain reaction needs that you need more than one base component molecules for the reaction.
- In fire the reaction creates so much heat-pressure, that the reaction forwards to next molecule pair. Source and resulting molecules' atom counts typically matches. Methanol fire is fire with chain reaction.

Checking reactions - methanol fire

In methanol fire source has 8H + 2C + 2O and 4O = 8H + 2C + 6O.
Result has 8H + 2O and 2C + 4O = 8H + 2C + 6O

Sugar to fat - Natural reactions

Methanol creation and fire was taken to circle of life, because sugar to fat reaction results into alcohol like OH fat. OH and CO are binding components in some powerful liquid fuels. Typically a fuel with uneven number of hydrogen atoms has OH or CO tail. Methanol has 3 hydrogen atoms and OH tail, Ethanol-booze has 5 hydrogen and OH tail. Acetone, with what you for example clean nail polisher, has 3 hydrogen atoms and CO tail.

Chain reaction for sugar-fat conversion

C6H12O6 + H2O	==>	C6H12O6 + H2 + O	Mixing of water and sugar extracts water into atoms
C6H12O6 + H2 + O	==>	C6H12O5 + H2 + O2	Loose oxygen searches company from sugar
C6H12O5 + H2 + O2	==>	C6H12O4 + H2O + O2	Loose hydrogen searches company from sugar

The chain reaction repeats three times per molecule

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 3 x H₂O ==> C₆H₁₂ + 3 H₂O + 3 O₂

Chain reaction needs that sugar is formed as C₆H₁₂[O₂ ]₃. Oxygen in sugar should be in common oxygen molecules. As you can see from the chain reaction formula, sugar releases just enough water to keep the conversion going. Conversion without external water is slow. And it stops easily. The chain reaction doesn't use CO-OH tail.

The tail could convert into CO₂ and one loose hydrogen atom. The loose hydrogen should search a companion from some surrounding molecule and return into it's natural H₂ molecule form. . 

The original stand alone reactions :
- 10 C₆H₁₂O₆ ==> 3 C₁₉H₂₉.CO.OH + 15 H₂O + 19 O₂ + O
- 7 C₆H₁₂O₆ ==> 2 C₁₉H₂₉.CO.OH + 12 H₂O + 11 O₂ + 2 CO₂

Creation of sugar

Plants sugar reaction : 6 CO₂ + 6 x H₂O ==> C₆H₁₂ O₆ + 6 O₂

When you look at the formula the reaction might go so that plant demolishes only CO2 molecule. Then it puts the water ... as it is ... into sugar. The reaction is an alternative for methane and ethylene reactions.

Methane goes to sugar with three CO₂ molecules  : 3 CH₄ + 3 CO₂ ==> C₆H₁₂O₆
Ethylene goes to sugar with three O₂ molecules  : 3 C₂H₄  + 3 O₂ ==> C₆H₁₂O₆
- alternatively ethylene can extract CO₂ and leave three carbon atoms unused.

From the molecular structure you should be capable of seeing the used reaction. Quite obvious, that plants .. at least stand alone, asexual plants and trees ... can use all three creation methods. At sugar oil fields ethylene-oxygen system would be handy. Fields suffer from lack of CO₂. Surplus of oxygen is a problem. You could "fertilize" fields with ethylene, you get from harvest-conversion system. Reactions must be checked and verified before usage.