Gravitational constant October 29th 2018
Tights	Sometimes a failed research is as valuable as successful. Reasons for failure an be as valuable as successful research.

Made small research from gravitational field. Tried to find a way gravitational drag falls down with altitude. Collected measured G values from various cities. Calculated distance from earth's center to each city. Maximum difference in distances was 16 kilometers. 

Failed to reach the primary goal. Managed to derive a linear constant for the weakening of the gravitational drag. It works fairly well on ground, only.

- If air pressure falls linearly with altitude (like it looks ), zero pressure is at 180 000 feet or 60 kilometers. Gravitational drag is certain to end before 200 km. In the air, constant would extend gravitational drag to 4 100 kilometers - certain not to be true.

There is Mexico city. Mexico has smaller G force than Singapore. Singapore is farther from core than Mexico City. How can it be ?

Mexico city is around 2.2 kilometers above sea. Singapore is at sea level. Madrid is another exception to rule. Madrid is 500 meters above, it has lower G than neighboring capital Lisbon.. With these it looks like, that dense material, like rock weakens gravity.

Experiences from gliders supports the idea, that gravity falls at mountains and hills. Possible, that part from the upward push at hill sides comes lowered gravity. Not only from winds.

Besides Mexico and Madrid there is Skopje. Skopje has higher gravitational drag than Chicago and Rome, which have the same total radius. Skopje is 250 meters from sea level, Chicago 180 meter, Rome 40 meters from sea level. Skopje does not follow Mexico City and Madrid. 

Number of universities, which have measured and published local gravity is small. There was only 41 measured local G values. Didn't have longitudes and-or elevations for the missing 11 cities.

+ In principle you should be capable of mapping the strength / density of earth's mantle with accurate gravity measures. Research didn't rule out a chance, that you could find a connection with earthquake's  epicenter and local gravity. Further researches are needed.

+ Possible that there are gravitational worm holes ... and ant hills in our world ... on earth. If so, you could build worldwide maps from gravitational forces. Steep and deep hill-hole system can tilt flying plane and cause crashes. Unexplained crashes are still common in aviation. By default gravitational force takes distance with straight ( obviously tilted ) line. You can use the maps in weather forecasts and other weather related systems.

+ Gravity's obvious connection to the thickness of mantle hints, that it is possible to build gravitational shields from dense materials. Dense atom grid can stop the gravitational flow. Much like I thought in field research.

Gravitational flow-drag could work with new version from Newton's second theorem. In new theorem the speed-mass system  is source of kinetic energy. Not acceleration-mass system, like in the old.

- - Upgrade : 30th Oct 2018 - -

Checked that connection between gravity and strength-quakes is possible. Both Skopje and Mexico City are in quaky areas.
- Mexico City has never been hit by a direct quake. 1985 big M8.1 quake took place 350 km from the city, distance to 2017 M7.1 quake was 130 km. 
- Skopje has been hit once by big recorded quake. In 1963 M6.1 hit directly the city.

Low gravity refers to strong crust / mantle. The data above supports the idea, that gravity has meaning to occurrence of the quakes.

During upgrade Skopje's nearby city, Istanbul rose above Skopje. Istanbul's elevation is low. High altitude Zurich followed Mexico City and Madrid.

There are quite a many famous quaky cities with normal gravity : Tokyo, San Francisco Los Angeles and so on. Los  Angeles seemed to have slightly stronger base than usual.

- - Further researches - -

Gravity is still measured with old Galilei's method. There is high box. The pressure in the box is stabilized. You take the time, it takes for the dropped ball to fall. With fall time and qualities of the ball and box you can calculate the gravity. Usually you "calibrate" the device at known gravity system. Then you go to another, place and check difference to calibration value.

You should make two towed versions from the box. One for air-space, another for oceans. As you can see from the above, it is not possible to get gravity values constants for aviation and diving with on-ground observances. 

Besides big, high precision devices it is possible to construct small motorized gravitation gauges for planes and space crafts.

As you can see, it is not easy to visualize curve from the points. Cities are placed to graph with total distance from the core.
1st yellow dot is Istanbul, 2nd is Mexico City. Anomaly which goes upwards, refers to weaker mantle. 

According to my knowledge the values are measured. Before year 1970. In 1970's the method was explained in school.

If you do not remember from school, unit Newton was originally gravitational acceleration per ten. Later gravitational acceleration got more accurate value.
Unit was not changed to new value. It is the same with almost all SI units. Air pressure was originally 1 atmosphere. Later it grew a little.

Hot Layer

Possible that the linear development continues till hot layer. Hot layer kills the gravitational flow. Cannot say why or how.

Heat is naturally logical consequence from sudden fall of gravitational flow.
After that a complete darkness falls over the case of Gravitational Constant. Your guess is as good as mine :

Nitrogen and oxygen boils at around -200C, hot layer starts after -50C, not possible.
Air density is said to fall to zero-space levels at around 40 km altitude. This fall could cause a conflict and fall.
When so, the atom grid becomes too sparse for gravitational flow. Separate threads forms groups and conflicts.
The lack of atoms converts thread's stretch into shrink. Verification for hot layer, it's altitude and characteristics is missing.

If hot layer is born from the lack of atoms, it is hot all day long. Possible to cool the passing craft by unleashing air to around it.
Unleashed air would keep the density and flow steady during the pass. Also possible to use / enhance the cooling with propel-turbine system.

Would be good if you could keep the road to the undisturbed gravity open during the pass through. Ensure that you do not leak atmospheric air into space.
At some point the leaked object obviously falls down and opens the road on it's own. Further field researches are needed.

Hot layer ( as above ) is important for multi layer universe. When layer kills gravitational drag, it creates an energy shield around star, planet, proton and electron. Shield is around 400 times stronger than common gravitation. It protects lower level universe from the upper level. Not known how much power you need for pass through. It can be anything. Marginal, normal or big.

Gravitational energy shield makes it difficult to make chemical compounds ( to for example gravitational shield ) with gravitational field. Possible that such is forbidden from us, just like nuclear power : Layer, which penetrates through atom's gravitational drag field starts to kill and mutate us.

Such does not prevent creation of flying carpet. You can enrich atoms with electrons. Possible to find a method for creating permanent magnet like ordered layers into atom mesh. Possible that ancient Arabian carpet makers knew the trick, how to make moving gravitational shields. Nothing we know, prevents them from being capable of building flying carpets.

Released field research year ago. There hasn't been a thing, you couldn't explain with flow-thread system 
Flow-thread has proven to be a handy way to handle invisible energies. Obviously rather near the actual format.

Should've guessed researches for Global Warming

If air gets thinner, because of for example reduced humidity, hot layer falls down. The fall can cause global warming.
Also possible that distance would warm climate, but usually heat / energy weakens with distance. Cannot say how fall down could warm the climate.

New economical engine tech and catalyst converters obviously lowers the humidity of the air.
No one has calculated, what are booze fuel's possible reactions. The compounds of booze fuels are unknown.
Year 2018 was historically dry. USA and Europe suffered from drought.

Air humidity and clouds stops sun beams and the heat they bring to earth. When vapors stops the sun beams, the heat starts to go upwards. Heat reduces density, when it does so, the hot layer falls down. Amount of vapor in the atmosphere is only slightly bigger than the amount CO₂. Water vapor is one the lightest components in the air, CO₂ is heavier than Oxygen and Nitrogen. By default CO₂ falls down and water vapor goes up. Water's density grows faster than N and O,  growth of density stops the vapors. From the major components Nitrogen is lighter than Oxygen.

In undisturbed air, atom mesh keeps the various components in place. As long as mesh can carry the weight of heavier atom. Or alternatively prevent smaller, lighter atom from slipping through the mesh. When you for example put sugar into your coffee, you have to use spoon for breaking and messing the atom mesh in your coffee cup. Without spoon the sugar remains in the bottom. It does not get in touch with new unused coffee-water molecules, with what it could react.

Hot layer-humidity-density system would explain strange cold sectors. These sectors stay in their places for longer times.
Local anomaly in hot layer system does not move with winds. It is independent from sun.

Space lift will be capable of operating in hot layer, as it and hot layer is. Space lift is always completely black, color comes from carbon coat.

It is very important to know, whether or not there was an ameba in Mars, a million years ago. Isn't it ?

- - Earth quakes - -

In this picture there is rather clear map from the observed quakes ( 2011 )

Balls and their sizes follow the long term averages. Quakes usually follow sharp changes in mantle-crust.
Atlantic ocean has under water middle Atlantic mountains where the quakes takes place. Pacific misses middle mountains, quakes follow the sides.
In Africa there is mountain area. In Asia-Europe there is mountain line from Himalayan to Mont Blanc. In Asia mountain line is very wide.

You can see how Los Angles is at the edge of the major and minor quakes. When you go north from LA the next bigger quakes are in San Francisco.
After LA tensions from Pacific spreads into wider area. On the map groups of bigger balls are not usually surrounded with small blue balls.
Such hints that the force, which causes the quakes is steady.

Earth's history

If you look at the map, Alaska fits to hole in between China and Japan. Central America fits to Thailand. East Australia to South America.
When you remove Atlantic, Americas fits to Europe-Africa. Earth was very small in the past. 

Vikings found North America at around year 1000 after Christ. When they sailed southwards, they ended into North Africa.
Atlantic mountain line supports the idea that they followed coastline. And Atlantic was closed from the south, when they sailed.
Similarities in between Maya and Egyptian cultures hints also that the division took place rather late.

If the division took place at the same times with Black Death, it is possible that Kolumbus was searching missing continent. He was a sailor, if the division had just taken place, sailors must have noticed that. If Europeans were for example familiar with rubber, they lost it in the division. Just like bananas, a popular food.

Earth was small in the past. The planet's original circumference was around 20 000 km, diameter 6 000 km, radius 3 000 km. Equator was somewhere near Mediterranean sea, Himalayan mountains, Los Angeles and Florida-Caribbean. 

Ancient people knows too much from the geological history of earth. Just like someone had explained the history to them. There is a small conflict in between living conditions and general knowledge.

Voyage of the innocent

When volcano erupts, the magma has water, oxygen and rocks for the earth.
Magma do not have nitrogen. Possible that space in solar system has lots of nitrogen. If so, nitrogen is the basic element in at least this solar system.
When you make settlements to unoccupied planets, possible that you can open the core, get everything you need from the manmade volcano.

Manmade volcanoes are also a way to enforce corners inside Pacific basin. With manmade leaks you can also enforce areas around Pacific. Before you can do this, you must learn tensions and local gravitations. So that you do not accidentally increase the power of local quakes.

Meaning of the ancient science

Meaning of the ancient scientific discoveries are often almost invisible to us. Without Archimedes law dish washing in sink would be annoying, mysterious thing to you. You would notice that, when you wash dishes, sometimes water does stay in the sunk and sometimes it floods to everywhere. Without Archimedes you would not have a clue, why this flooding takes place. Thanks to Archimedes you know that flooding comes from the amount of water and the volume of the added dishes, you have in the sink. When you fill the sink, you know to leave some room for the dishes.

When you are young, your parents always teaches you this practical application from Archimedes Law. At the same time they taught you the secrets of dishwashing.

Research methods and data

Calculated radiuses for each city with CAD program. Draw an ellipse, with X radius earth radius at equator, Y radius earth's radius at poles. Used CAD's snap and calculation utilities for defining radiuses. Had zero angle brown line. Rotated it with with latitude. Snapped blue line into intersection of earth and brown line. Read the radius from blue lines properties.

City	Total distance to earth's core	Acceleration	Latitude	Longitude	Elevation	Radius	Sequence by Distance	Sequence by Acceleration
Helsinki	6362075,5	9,8191	60,1699	24,9384	25	6362050,5	1	1
Oslo	6362144,7	9,8190	59,9138	10,7387	12	6362132,7	2	2
Stockholm	6362335,7	9,818	59,3328	18,0645	15	6362320,7	3	3
Copenhagen	6363559,1	9,815	55,6763	12,5681	10	6363549,1	4	4
Amsterdam	6364712,0	9,813	52,3738	4,891	-2	6364714,0	5	5
London	6365042,8	9,812	51,5002	-0,1262	14	6365028,8	6	6
Brussels	6365282,4	9,811	50,8371	4,3676	13	6365269,4	7	7
Frankfurt	6365644,1	9,810	50,1167	8,6833	112	6365532,1	8	8
Vancouver	6365970,4	9,8091	49,1446	123,658	82	6365888,4	9	9
Paris	6366028,4	9,8090	48,8567	2,351	34	6365994,4	10	10
Zurich	6366952,6	9,807	47,3667	8,55	408	6366544,6	11	12
Ottawa	6367339,9	9,806	45,4235	-75,6979	74	6367265,9	12	13
Rome	6368771,4	9,8032	41,8955	12,4823	14	6368757,4	13	15
Chicago	6368778,1	9,8031	41,8369	-87,6847	181	6368597,1	14	16
Skopje	6368778,9	9,804	42,0024	21,4361	243	6368535,9	15	14
Wellington	6368820,4	9,8030	-41,2865	174,7762	20	6368800,4	16	17
Istanbul	6368929,3	9,808	41,0082	28,953	39	6368890,3	17	11
NewYorkCity	6369023,6	9,802	40,7077	-74,0035	10	6369013,6	18	18
WashingtonD.C.	6369679,9	9,8011	38,8921	-77,0241	2	6369677,9	19	19
Madrid	6369708,6	9,8002	40,4167	-3,7033	588	6369120,6	20	21
Lisbon	6369760,1	9,801	38,7072	-9,1355	15	6369745,1	21	20
SanFrancisco	6370095,5	9,8001	37,7833	-37,4167	16	6370079,5	22	22
Athens	6370161,8	9,8000	37,9792	23,7166	153	6370008,8	23	23
Auckland	6370492,8	9,799	-36,8407	174,7373	75	6370417,8	24	24
Tokyo	6370847,5	9,798	35,6785	139,6823	17	6370830,5	25	25
BuenosAires	6371214,4	9,7972	-34,6118	-58,4173	10	6371204,4	26	26
Nicosia	6371230,5	9,7971	35,1667	33,55	220	6371010,5	27	27
Sydney	6371488,1	9,7970	-33,865	151,2094	25	6371463,1	28	28
LosAngeles	6371492,3	9,7961	34,05	-118,25	93	6371399,3	29	29
CapeTown	6371543,6	9,7960	-33,9218	18,421	100	6371443,6	30	30
Kuwait	6372968	9,793	29,3667	47,9667	10	6372958	31	31
Taipei	6374275,3	9,790	25,0338	121,5645	5	6374270,3	32	32
Havana	6374802,4	9,7882	23,1333	-82,3667	4	6374798,4	33	33
RioDeJaneiro	6374861	9,7881	-22,9	-43,2045	0	6374861	34	34
Calcutta	6375009,9	9,788	22,3723	88,3667	9	6375000,9	35	35
Manila	6376751,1	9,784	14,579	120,9726	7	6376744,1	36	36
Bangkok	6376890,7	9,783	13,7573	100,502	1	6376889,7	37	37
Jakarta	6377854,4	9,7811	-6,1862	106,8063	3	6377851,4	38	38
MexicoCity	6377949,1	9,779	19,4271	-99,1276	2216	6375733,1	39	40
Singapore	6378089,2	9,7810	1,2894	103,85	0	6378089,2	40	39

When acceleration has four decimals, the last is sequencer, for getting same accelerations to same order than distance.

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Rotational forces [ Nov 20th 2018 ]

Made a small study about rotational force. In the picture above you see planets rotation times relation to distance. The rightmost is Pluto. The top line is the distance to the end of suns rotational field, which is around 22 000 million kilometers. Planets size seems to have very little meaning to rotation time. Rotation time refers to current rotational force. As you can see from the top, rotational fields should collapse just like gravitational fields do. 

From the lower picture you can see how rotational times grows and forces falls with parabolic curve. Closed the curve to sun manually.

Idea in the small study was to for example check the existence of friction in solar space. If there is an atom mesh in space, the pressure and friction should also exist in space.

Rotational flow's collisions with atoms slows down the rotation speeds and reduces the rotational force. Flow needs energy for passing the atoms. Parabolic curve hints, that rotational space would have a small friction factor. Possible that space airs density-pressure system falls with distance. Without friction rotational force would grow linearly.

Rotational flow empowers the movement with current rotational force. In this way the friction and pressure system are invisible. The friction shows in locking and collisions. 

In corrections and shorties there is rolling ball sample. In unverified system, the ball has two effective forces. Forces have their own effect to the object. Not combined like our physics says. Possible that flows have similar kind of ( more advanced ) system.

In principle you should find disturbance in the force at the end of earth's rotational field too. 

Missed just by an inch ?

planet	distance-sun km	reached	days	hours	travel km	days	hours	km/h
Startup	0	1977-08-20	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jupiter	778 300 000	1979-07-09	688	16 512	778 300 000	688	16 512	47 135
Saturn	1 427 000 000	1981-08-25	1 466	35 184	648 700 000	778	18 672	34 742
Uranus	2 871 000 000	1986-01-24	3 079	73 896	1 444 000 000	1 613	38 712	37 301
Neptune	4 497 100 000	1989-08-25	4 388	105 312	1 626 100 000	1 309	31 416	51 760
Current	17 723 200 000	2018-11-20	15 067	361 608	13 226 100 000	10 679	256 296	51 605

From this table you see estimation from average speeds Voyager 2 used in between planets. NASA says that Voyager 2 is currently cruising with record high 55 026 km/h speed. Faster than ever before. After Jupiter Voyager slowed down quite a lot. Then it started to gain speed again.

Hmm. Speeds varies. When you calculate time, when planet and spacecraft meets, you need speeds of both moving objects. If spacecraft changes the speed on it's way, like in the table, it is very difficult to calculate the correct time for the start. Craft needs steering, gas and brake pedals.

Idea of slingshot, you have seen in many sci-fi movies, comes from Voyagers. Change of course - with rotational field - needs that you know field's characteristics. You need size and speed. If you try to change the course with gravitational field, gravitational field grounds your craft.

If NASA managed to meet the planets, it has few requirements : The planets are not in the places they seem to be. Changes in craft speed and reflected light wave speed must change with exactly the same system. It is not impossible. Craft's speed is maintained by flow. Light wave is an energy pulse, which travels in the same flow. Then you must observe the distance to planet from the crossing point. And calculate the launch time with the observed distance and angle.

Time of crossing

If the time of crossing the track is known, and speeds seems to vary, it is possible that the distances from the sun are incorrect. This requires that track crossing is observed from the space. Incorrect distance means, that Voyagers were no where near the planets, when they crossed the tracks. In NASA's Voyager page there is one photo, which hints, that this is what actually happened with Voyagers. 

If Voyager 2 cruising speed in solar system was 51 700 km/h, Saturn and Uranus are much more closer to sun than it is was calculated. It would also mean that the diameters of these two giant planets are quite a lot smaller than it is currently said. Jupiter would be slightly closer and smaller, than it is currently believed.

If distances are shorter, the parable above is sharper. You got to find the actual parable, before it is possible to send crafts to distant planets. Then you need the parable for earth's rotational field, too. Rotational field does not automatically steer your craft to the ground. When you enter planets rotational field, you must take direction towards the planet. ( If your craft does not already have it ).

In order to easily and reliably observe distances in solar system, you would need an outpost in moon. For star maps, you would need outposts with bigger distance. With outpost and known distance / angle you can use triangles for observing things in space. Just like maps from earth are made. In traditional earthly mapping you use three known points for defining one random point. Most countries in the world have physical triangle network. Tips of triangles are in the terrain and on the streets.

Notes about satellites

Could also say, that commercial and scientific satellites seems to keep their positions in space. Satellite-TV antenna does not rotate with satellites movement, GPS system has also fixed positions. They are all said to be at right, geo stationary altitude ( around 36 000 km from earth ). Long radio waves and big antennas are another way to broadcast programs and GPS signals to wider areas.

Besides military satellites, ISS station is the only one, which is said to rotate faster than earth. Difference in between these two groups is in the verification. Commercial satellites must work with fixed position, like it is said. Public would notice, if they didn't. The second group can do what ever you wish to lie, it is almost impossible to verify cold war time claims.

Object, which rotates faster than other objects at the same altitude, is possible with a kick. Rotational field maintains the speed. The earlier friction says how much you can kick the rotating object, before it slips from the rotational track. In rotational field static friction force is the force, which keeps the objects in rotational track. It is not known how far from earth you can go, before it is impossible to kick an object to matching rotational speed with earth.