Hydraulic gearbox October 6th 2019
Tights	Hydraulic gearbox allows the usage of multiple power plants. It is needed with combustion collector.

How do you combine combustion engine's and collector's powers ?

One way to combine the powers is hydraulic gearbox. Hydraulic gearbox can be made as gearless box. In power production side you can have more than one  power inlets, that rotates shafts, which leads to wheels. Can use the screw propel for rotating hydraulic pump and dense propel in rotator. When you use propel and push the oil towards wings, propel doesn't have major counter forces. In closed combustion powered system, slip from viscosity goes into engine and reduces the required power. 

In hydro plant you have open system, and the slip results into power losses. In coal, oil, gas and nuclear plant slip results into heat losses. In R&D hydro systems you use upright watermill propel. Direct drop keeps the connection to overlying G force as long as possible.

Most from currently used boxes poor efficiency obviously comes from turbines counter forces. Paddle-propel like turbine sort of stops the flow after the connection to inlet is cut. Flow starts to move after the hole gets connection to outlet hole and volume starts to shrink.. Propel and propel like turbine never stops. Pressure-force system towards the next wing remains near neutral.

At rotator each pump has it's own tubes, with what they rotate the propel. At the shared propel oil from different sources gets slightly mixed, you must check and balance pumps oil reserves. Can also use separate propels for each power source. All power sources must be synchronized, at least in some level. System doesn't need clutches, propel's slip acts as clutch. Slip allows also small speed differences in between power sources. 

With separate propels, you can build gears into one propel. With wings tilt adjuster, you can synchronize speeds of the propel system. 

When you design and dimension the box, you must take the slip into notice. So that boxes transmission capability matches engine and collector powers.

Mechanical system is also possible, the collector with shared axle has rpm stabilizer, the stabilizer can be synchronized to engine's rpm.

How do you build gearless hydraulic gearboxes ?

You change the diameter of the rotator / tube where oil flows. When you get steady pressure from engine's and collector's pumps, oil speed at the rotator unit is dependent on the cross-section area of the tube. The speed must exist in rotator. You cannot pre-fetch the speed before standard sized rotator. With propel you can use tubes, whose hit point at wings can be adjusted. The force that rotates the wing is at the hit point. Viscosity and movement in sideways reduces the force that rotates the propel.  Wings tilt angle third way to build gears into box.

An almost gearless box can be made with turbine, which has 20 - 50 small equally sized inlets for the primary flow from the pump. Equally sized holes can be opened and closed freely. Rotator unit with 50 gears needs only one inlet and outlet tube. The rotator needs one powerful overflow valve. With valve you drop the pressure in rotator so, that you can operate 50 smaller valves. Overflow valve has to be open only fractions of second. Smoothness of the shift is dependent on the speed with you open and close the valve. Box doesn't need clutch. 

You build the channels with variable material strength. So that the channels, which are used with top gears are stronger than others. Box is almost fault free. You can change channels, you use with each gear. You can have custom gears. With computer, you can choose best gear for the speed and load.

Gearless and almost gearless box can be made with torque converters capability to give a start-up boost to vehicle.

In geared box you use separate inlet-outlet systems for each gear. In principle, the current automatic gearbox needs a another hydraulic pump, which is synchronized with the one, engine rotates.

Can you use screw in rotator ?
Freely rotating screw is not very good. Propel and paddle-turbine are better. Viscosity pushes liquids and gases through the screw without giving any force to screw. Powered screw pushes new stuff forwards all the time. Viscosity based slip is insignificant in powered screw.

How about double piston ?
Why not. It was intended for capturing of slow kinetic energy. The valves with what you select the tube must be strong. During drag-back you might have to close the tube from both ends. Double piston produces pulsing power. You need more than one unit for skipping over the pressure drops, when you change the tube. During the change, there is pressure peak in inlet pipe. Freely zigzagging  double piston is almost lossless. Probably possible to smoothen the swap with valves.

You could build a boxer engine like system, where the crank is in the middle of the tubes. And both cylinders pushes the oil towards crank. With the system you get rotation into crank without trouble and tricks. When another cylinder pushes oil, the crank moves the free piston to start position. Star engine configuration is also possible. Not possible in sea current plants, difficult in ships.

Difficult in ships ?
In ships, tubes and double piston system is part of the engine and its crank system. In sea current plant speeds are low, pulsing power acceptable.

Can you build gears into double piston system ?
It is heavy weight power transmitter. Never thought it in miniature form before. It gets broke easily, when you modify the system. Suits for trucks and heavy vehicles power transmission. Could use overflow channel and control the leaked amount with overflow valves. Then you can use multiple small units and almost gearless gearbox system. Simple unit per gear system is also possible. One unit has always at least two cylinders / tubes.

You can pass the boxes with direct mechanical gear.
Easy system allows passing from only power source. If engine passes the box, collector assists with the box.

How do you build the back to propel system ?
It doesn't matter much. Good hydrodynamics rules. Steady pressure-speed system from propel to pump is obviously the best. Pressure should be smaller than at propel.

Boxes suit to ground and water vehicles.
Possible that they are too heavy aircrafts. At least in the beginning. In boat you rotate pump screw with engine, box rotates propel screw. Don't how much there is need for the box in the boats. But it is possible. Boats low speed comes from the lack of proper gearbox. Aircrafts suffer also from the lack of good gearing system.

Screw with double piston rotator matches mechanical box.
In normal load. Under heavy load screw slips. Double piston pump with double piston rotator doesn't slip. In efficiency and fuel consumption all boxes and gear systems should be near mechanical box. The boxes final efficiency is dependent on hydrodynamic design.

Are these boxes difficult to repair ?
No. You bolt broken part out. Change or repair it. Bolt part back to box. Boxes are easier to repair than current manual and automatic boxes. Parts can cost, but repairs can be made in common workshop. Hydraulics need additional attention to dirt and cleanliness. Small sand grain in the system can damage or broke the valves.

Immo and Citroen has hydraulic automatic gear box ?
Ooops. Don't know. Gear changer is hydraulic. Possible that the whole box is also hydraulic.

Sure that slip through propel doesn't cause losses ?
Energy is consumed and pressure falls only then, when you brake the flow with propel. The slipped flow-pressure system, which doesn't rotate the propel, cannot vanish from the system. The only losses from the slip are small, additional hydro and thermo dynamic losses.

Fees are 0.5% from factory or construction price.
Yes. Factory and construction prices are way below the retail prices.

9th October

What kind of thing new automatic gearbox is ?
Simple. To driver and passengers it is smooth and quiet. It allows you to accelerate speed, without raising rpm and noise levels. Box allows you to keep engine noises down at new 100 mph / 160 km/h highway speeds. In traffic lights you get back to city speed during the crossing. Economically and without revving the engine. Fast traffic light accelerations reduces rushes. System works already with almost gearless boxes.

Box allows the car run in quiet mode, eco-mode and power mode. In quiet mode gear box uses big gear for keeping rpm and noises low. In eco-mode engine and box is optimized to fuel economy. In power mode system maximizes the engine powers.

You are finished with the hydraulic gear box now ?
Yes, darling. Think, that I am finished with combustion collector and new automatic gearbox.

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How much is 0.5% from $10 000 ?
It is, ten percent is $1 000, percent is $100, it is $50 per car.
Then you get the fee from over 50 million sold car. $2.5 billions a year. Happy now ?
Not getting a single cent at the moment. Boys sponsors are paying the small allowance, I get from the Finns ... and with what they have been playing for over 20 years. Payments, Finns are getting over 1 000% bigger than the small allowance. Very important to keep my cash reserves small, so that I cannot escape from Finns. During this year Finns have been stealing cash from my wallet ... and my old cell.
They have no intention to give up from the valuable prisoner ... bringer of the good tremors ?
No.

What kind of a thing that low gravitation elevator is ?
Exactly like current. With current box size it is quite a lot faster than current. When you step into elevator, your weigh falls. The whole hole is low gravitation space. Possible that in the future elevator box is the only low gravitation thing.

Designing the box

Hydraulics is sort of easy to design. You can use transparent tubes and color pigments for checking the flow. You can record and revise the flow with hi-speed or frameless video camera.

Power axle

When you design and build the system, you should keep the logical power transmission axle always in one line. Otherwise the axle vibrates the engine-box-shaft system.

If you build double piston pump, you might want you ships system and operate the pump directly with pistons.

Efficiency of the hydraulics

Efficiency of the hydraulics is dependent on tube lengths and used liquid's quality.
- Liquids have internal friction and friction against the tube walls.
- Tubes start to knock under high pressure-speed system.
- Sharp curves in the tubes increases friction and losses.

Hydraulic crank and empowered double piston pump needs good hydraulic oil.

When you increase pressure and speed, the viscosity falls. You can build almost rod like internal system with high pressure and speed. But the pressure-speed increases friction against tube. 

In curves you can improve turning by increasing the tubes diameter. Increase slows down the fluids. Tilt angles for the increase and decrease must be low.

With rod or rods, which has pistons at both ends, you can transfer hydraulic pressure losslessly over longer distances. You can never transfer fluid's movement with rods. Pressure only.

Hydraulic crank

Since you have a hydraulic gearbox, you can also use hydraulic crank system. In hydraulic system you lift the pistons with the same cylinder, you push during firing stroke.

Inlet stroke needs additional pipe and valve system. Since you have hydraulics in the block, you can use hydraulic air pump for pushing the piston down and filling the cylinder.

Hydraulic crank can be controlled with valves. When so, you can adjust compression ratio and displacement of the engine.

During outlet stroke, the valve system allows you to move the piston into displacement volume and  get almost all from the burned gas away from the cylinder.
- In cranked system, you use the burned mixture as filler of the cylinder. It forms a small buffer or gas spring in between piston and fire.

If you use almost gearless system, you can adjust also the speed of secondary strokes. You can fill, compress and empty the cylinders at randomly selected speed.

Piston needs rings at both ends, but it doesn't tilt sideways.

System doesn't need flywheel. You can collect energy into gas spring. To the spring you can collect energy from for example braking. You can use engine, electric pump or collector for charging the spring.  Spring can be integrated seamlessly into hydraulic power transmission. New upright door, needs powered hydraulic or electric lifter. You can use the spring with hydraulic lifters, openers and movers, when the engine is not running.

-  most blocks can be configured so, that engine doesn't vibrate in sideways.
- allows you to place cylinders however you wish.
- changes the lubrication philosophies.
-  narrows the block and engine. In private car engine is around 10 cm wide from bottom to top.
- allows you to use inline, etc. engines in copter car.
- engine is small and light compact box. 2 liter 4 cylinder engine for private car is 50 cm long, 15 cm wide and 30 cm high. It weighs less than 50 kg. With hydraulic gearbox, engine is turned so, that it is 50 cm wide, 30 cm long and 10 - 15 cm high.

- was the original system in my graduation work. Abandoned the system because of the claimed poor efficiency. 

At the same time crank was said to waste 70% from fuel power. Heat losses were nothing. Claim inspired German Felix Wankel and many others to waste their time with a non-existing, marginal loss.

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 In principle it is possible to extend the hydraulics to shafts, which rotates wheels. VW has used hydraulic differential. 

 In front wheel driven car you can easily use two double piston cranks. Attach shafts for the wheels directly to gearbox. Pressure in the double piston units should balance different rotating speeds. You can build slipping clutch and fixed mechanical locks into cranks.

 In rear wheel driven car with engine at the front distance is rather long. Maybe too much for hydraulics.

 Hydraulic system is simple and has good efficiency ratio. 90 degrees angle goes in a conversion from horizontal movement to rotation.

 Hydraulic system can have brakes.